Cathodic protection is commonly used to protect numerous structures against corrosion, such as ships, offshore floaters, subsea equipment, harbors, pipelines, tanks; basically all submerged or buried metal structures. The technique is based on converting active areas on a metal surface to passive, in other words making them the cathode of an electrochemical cell.
By supply of current, the potential of the metal is reduced, the corrosion attack will cease and cathodic protection is achieved. Cathodic protection can be achieved by either: